Persistent cough: An ongoing cough is often the first symptom of COPD. It can be a “smoker’s cough” and can bring up a lot of mucus.
Shortness of breath (Dyspnea): This breathing difficulty may feel like gasping for air and is especially noticeable during physical activity. As the disease progresses, it can occur even when at rest.
Wheezing: A whistling or squeaky sound when you breathe, which is caused by narrowed airways.
Chest tightness: A feeling of heaviness or pressure in your chest that can make it hard or painful to take a deep breath.
Excess mucus (phlegm): The airways may produce more mucus than usual, which can appear clear, white, yellow, or greenish.
Fatigue: Extreme tiredness or a lack of energy is common, as the body has to work harder to breathe. This can be more severe than simple tiredness.
Frequent respiratory infections: People with COPD are more prone to illnesses like colds, the flu, and pneumonia, which can cause flare-ups and further damage the lungs.
Swelling in the ankles, feet, or legs: This is caused by a build-up of fluid (edema) and can be a sign of more advanced COPD, indicating a higher workload on the heart.
Unintentional weight loss: Significant weight loss can occur in the later stages of COPD due to a reduced appetite and the increased energy required for breathing.
Blue or gray lips and nails (Cyanosis): This indicates low oxygen levels in the blood and requires immediate medical attention.
